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Italian case law holds that selling ungerminated cannabis seeds is not in itself an offence under DPR 309/1990 because seeds contain no THC, though marketing them with cultivation instructions can be prosecuted as incitement, and unauthorized germination remains illegal, with only minimal domestic growing excused by Court of Cassation ruling 12348/2020. Industrial hemp from EU-certified seed is governed by Law 242/2016, but Decree-Law 48/2025 (converted into Law 80/2025) banned trade in hemp inflorescences and derivatives, upending the cannabis-light sector. The ban's constitutionality was referred to the Constitutional Court by the Court of Brindisi in December 2025, so the hemp framework remains in flux; certified seed and fibre uses continue.
