Monaco

Monaco prohibits cannabis under Loi n° 890 of 1 July 1970 on stupéfiants, with cannabis, its plant, resin and THC classed as narcotics by ministerial orders including Arrêté Ministériel n° 2020-360 (as amended in 2021 and 2024); even CBD products are treated as prohibited, and courts still prosecute small-quantity possession. Penalties run from six months to three years for personal possession up to five to twenty years for production, importation or trafficking. Arrêté Ministériel n° 2019-490 leaves a narrow paper exception for research and non-narcotic industrial varieties, but the city-state has no agriculture, no hemp licensing practice and no seed-specific rules, so viable seed dealing would fall under the general narcotics regime.