Czech Republic

Cannabis seeds are not controlled under Act No. 167/1998 Coll. on Addictive Substances, so their sale, purchase and possession are lawful and Czech seed banks operate openly. Since Act No. 366/2021 Coll. took effect in January 2022, cannabis under 1% THC may be grown without restriction on up to 100 m², with only a notification duty above that area; growing high-THC cannabis remains an offence, with up to five plants treated as a misdemeanour. Grow shops must still avoid marketing that courts could construe as “spreading toxicomania” under § 287 of the Criminal Code, the theory behind the 2013 grow-shop raids.